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Netherlands: economy, interest rate and stock market

The central bank's policy rate is 2.50% (up 0.50 points over 12 months). Inflation was 3.2% in 2025 and GDP grew 1.8% (World Bank). AEX Amsterdam is +18.2% over the past year.

Policy rate2.50%
Inflation · 20253.2%
GDP growth · 20251.8%
Unemployment · 20253.9%

Interest rate

2.50%   set by European Central Bank , the central bank all euro members share . Last change: +0.25 pt on 16 Sep 2026. Over 12 months: +0.50 pt. As of 13 Oct 2026.

Took effectRateChange
16 Sep 20262.50%+0.25 pt
17 Jun 20262.25%+0.25 pt
11 Jun 20252.00%−0.25 pt
23 Apr 20252.25%−0.25 pt
12 Mar 20252.50%−0.25 pt
5 Feb 20252.75%−0.25 pt
18 Dec 20243.00%−0.25 pt
23 Oct 20243.25%−0.25 pt
18 Sep 20243.50%start of our data

All countries: central bank interest rates. Rates move stocks through borrowing costs and the currency: rising rates usually weigh on rate-sensitive stocks and help banks, falling rates the opposite.

Stock market: AEX Amsterdam

Level1M3MYTD1Yvs 200-day avgFrom 52-week high
1,142.88+3.8%+4.2%+20.1%+18.2%+8.9%−0.4%

Closing level on 16 Oct 2026. "vs 200-day avg" is how far the index is above or below its own average of the last 200 closes; "from 52-week high" is the drop from its highest level of the past year. Both are arithmetic on our price history, not a forecast.

Risk-on or risk-off?

Risk-on   5 of 5 price checks on AEX Amsterdam are positive, as of 16 Oct 2026.

CheckReading todayPositive?
Index above its 200-day average+8.9% vs averageYes
50-day average above the 200-day average+5.9%Yes
3-month return positive+4.2%Yes
Within 10% of the 52-week high0.0% from highYes
Volatility at or below its own 1-year median20-day 10% vs median 12% (annualised)Yes

4 or 5 positive = Risk-on, 2 or 3 = Mixed, 0 or 1 = Risk-off. Each check uses only prices up to that day, so the same rule can be run on history (below). It describes how investors are behaving in this market, not what happens next.

Context (not part of the score)

  • Global risk gauge (Market Compass): Risk-on, 1 of 7 warning signals on.
  • Breadth: 48% of the Netherlands' stocks are above their own 200-day average.
  • Oil is up 29% in three months, but fuel is a small net item in the Netherlands' trade, so the direct effect is limited.
  • The central bank has raised its rate by 0.50 points over twelve months. Tightening usually weighs on rate-sensitive stocks and helps bank margins.

How the rule would have done on the index, 2000-10-06 to 2026-10-16 (26.6 years)

StrategyReturn a yearWorst fallVolatilityTime investedSwitches
Buy and hold the index2.0%−71.1%20.9%100%–
Hold only when not Risk-off (2+ checks)3.4%−35.4%12.8%75.2%187
Hold only when Risk-on (4+ checks)2.4%−34.1%10.0%55.3%233

The position is decided at one day's close and applied to the next day's return, so the rule never uses the future. Time out of the market earns nothing here. Limits: index price only (no dividends, no interest on cash), no trading costs or taxes, one market and one period, and a rule that did well or badly in the past can do the opposite next time. Hypothetical results, not a promise and not advice.

Stocks that fit the current setting

Risk-on setting: the screen looks for the strongest price momentum over the last six months (skipping the latest month) among stocks trading above their 200-day average. Chosen from the 100 most traded stocks in the Netherlands, using prices up to 16 Oct 2026.

StockPrice3M6M momentumVolatility
FAST Fastned B.V.EUR 35.55+12.9%+100.9%40%
ABN ABN Amro Group NVEUR 40.99+9.1%+73.6%27%
RAND Randstad NVEUR 34.57+8.5%+68.4%37%
ARCAD Arcadis N.V.EUR 41.20+19.8%+67.9%43%
DSFIR DSM-Firmenich AGEUR 107.05+27.5%+65.1%31%
MT ArcelorMittal SAEUR 56.80−1.6%+56.7%42%
INGA ING Groep NVEUR 30.06+4.8%+53.8%25%
TWEKA TKH Group NVEUR 51.65+20.2%+46.8%27%
TRIO Triodos Bank N.V.EUR 35.50+33.4%+42.2%28%
AGN Aegon NVEUR 7.50−4.0%+42.0%23%

These are candidates to research, not recommendations. The screen reads prices only: it knows nothing about the companies' earnings, debt or valuation, and a stock can fit the setting and still fall. Momentum screens tend to pick volatile stocks, so check the Volatility column. We cannot yet test this screen fairly on the past, because our price history only contains companies that are listed today, which flatters any screen. So instead of showing a backtest we record each day's picks and will judge the rule on what happens after the fact. Educational only, not financial advice.

Economy at a glance

MeasureLatestYear
Economy size (GDP)$1.33 trillion2025
GDP per person$73,6842025
GDP growth1.8%2025
Inflation (consumer prices)3.2%2025
Unemployment3.9%2025
Population18.1 million2025
Current account balance, % of GDP7.6%2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP80.7%2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP69.5%2025

GDP growth by year (blue growth, red contraction)

−6−3036920142016201920222024

Inflation by year

03691220142016201920222024

Unemployment by year

0246820142016201920222024

Source: World Bank World Development Indicators, annual figures. The latest year is usually the previous calendar year, so these numbers are not live and are revised later by the World Bank. The Euro area page shows the combined figures; this page shows Netherlands alone.

Trade structure

Share of merchandise exports and imports by product group. ■ exports   ■ imports.

Fuels
10.8%
13.3%
Food
17.4%
14.4%
Agricultural raw materials
2.8%
1.4%
Ores and metals
2.4%
2.6%
Manufactured goods
63.6%
65.4%

High-technology products are 23.5% of manufactured exports (2024).

What the trade mix suggests to watch

  • Fuels are 10.8% of merchandise exports and 13.3% of imports, so energy prices are not the main swing factor in its trade.
  • Manufactured goods are 63.6% of merchandise exports: the economy sells made goods abroad, which ties it to global demand and to its exchange rate.
  • High-technology products are 23.5% of manufactured exports (2024), which links trade to the electronics and equipment cycle.
  • Exports plus imports equal 150% of GDP, so the economy is very open to trade: global conditions reach it quickly.
  • The current account was a surplus of 7.6% of GDP (2025): the country earns more abroad than it spends.

These describe the structure of trade, using the figures above. They are not forecasts and not investment advice. Latest available year differs by group (usually 2024 or 2025).

More on Netherlands

Sources: Bank for International Settlements and central bank decisions (policy rates), World Bank (economy and trade), StocksXray price history (index). Educational only, not financial advice.